疾病预防与控制杂志

目的 探讨输尿管中下段结石合并下段狭窄患者临床治疗中自制输尿管扩张器的应用价值。方法 2023年 2 月至 2024 年 10 月期间，选取深圳恒生医院泌尿外科 120 例输尿管结石合并下段狭窄患者，使用随机数字表法对上述 120 例研究样本进行分组，分为对照组（n=60）、观察组（n=60）。对照组接受一次性输尿管导管扩张治疗，观察组则使用自制输尿管扩张器进行治疗。对比两组患者的手术时长、住院时长、术后费用、术后疼痛程度及输尿管损伤发生率。结果 观察组手术时长和住院时长均短于对照组（P＜0.05）；观察组术后疼痛评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）；观察组的术后费用也低于对照组（P＜0.05）。此外，观察组的输尿管损伤发生率明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 自制输尿管扩张器在治疗输尿管中下段结石合并下段狭窄患者中，能有效减轻患者疼痛，并降低并发症的发生率。

Objective To explore the application value of self-made ureteral dilators in the clinical treatment of patients with middle and lower ureteral calculi combined with lower ureteral stenosis. Methods From February 2023 to October 2024, 120 patients with ureteral calculi combined with lower segment stenosis in the Department of Urology of Shenzhen Hengsheng Hospital were selected. The above 120 research samples were grouped by the random number table method and divided into the control group (n=60) and the observation group (n=60). The control group received onetime ureteral catheter dilation treatment, while the observation group was treated with a self-made ureteral dilator. The operation duration, hospital stay duration, postoperative cost, postoperative pain degree and incidence of ureteral injury of the two groups of patients were compared. Results The operation duration and hospital stay duration of the observation group were both shorter than those of the control group (P＜0.05). The comparison of postoperative pain scores in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). The postoperative cost of the observation group was also lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05). Furthermore, the incidence of ureteral injury in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The self-made ureteral dilator can effectively relieve the pain of patients with middle and lower ureteral calculi combined with lower ureteral stenosis in the treatment of patients, and reduce the incidence of complications.