疾病预防与控制杂志

摘要：目的 探讨人类表皮生长因子受体 2（HER2）高表达结直肠癌的临床病理学特征及其对结直肠癌患者预后的影响。方法 选取 2021-2024 年期间新疆生产建设兵团第一师阿拉尔医院收治的 86 例结直肠癌病例作为研究对象，依据 HER2 免疫组化及 FISH 检测结果将其分为 HER2 高表达组（9 例）和 HER2 低表达组（77 例）。分析两组在性别、年龄等基本特征，以及肿瘤位置、大小、浸润深度、淋巴结转移情况、远处转移、组织学分级和临床分期等方面的不同。比较两组结直肠癌患者预后影响的差异。结果 86 例结直肠癌患者，HER2 高表达10.5%（9/86）的个体发病率低于 HER2 低表达 89.5%（77/86）。与 HER2 低表达结直肠癌患者相比，HER2 高表达结直肠癌的浸润深度、病理分级更高，同时淋巴结转移、远处转移率更高，恶性程度相对较高（P＜0.05）。两组性别、年龄和肿瘤大小相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。HER2 高表达组结直肠癌患者的总生存率低于 HER2 低 表达组（P＜0.05），累积风险 HER2 高表达组结直肠癌患者高于 HER2 低表达组。结论 HER2 高表达的结直肠癌个体发病率较低，相较于 HER2 低表达浸润更深、转移风险更高以及临床分期更晚，并且患者的预后较差。

Abstract: Objective  To investigate the clinicopathdogical characteristics of colorectal cancer with high expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (HER2) and its impact on the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. Methods 86 cases of colorectal cancer admitted to Alar Hospital of the first division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from 2021 to 2024 were selected as the research objects. According to HER2 immunohistochemistry and FISH detection results, they were divided into HER2 high expression group (9 cases) and HER2 low expression group (77 cases). The differences in gender, age, tumor location, size, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, histological grade and clinical stage between the two groups were analyzed. The prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer was compared between the two groups. Results In 86 patients with colorectal cancer, the incidence of 10.5% (9/86) with high expression of HER2 was lower than 89.5% (77/86) with low expression of HER2. Compared with patients with HER2 low expression colorectal cancer, patients with HER2 high expression colorectal cancer had higher depth of invasion, pathological grade, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis rate, and relatively higher malignant degree (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in gender, age and tumor size between the two groups (P＞0.05). The overall survival rate of patients with high HER2 expression was lower than that of patients with low HER2 expression (P＜0.05). The cumulative risk of colorectal cancer was higher in patients with HER2-high expression than in those with HER2-low expression. Conclusion Colorectal cancer with high HER2 expression has a low proportion. Compared with low expression of HER2, colorectal cancer with high expression of HER2 has deeper invasion, higher risk of metastasis and later clinical stage, and the prognosis of patients is poor.